Keep the Focused Element on Screen
MUST: Reserve sticky header/footer height on the scroll container with `scroll-padding-block` (or `scroll-margin-top` on the items) so a newly focused element is never *entirely* hidden under fixed chrome — WCAG SC 2.4.11 Focus Not Obscured (Minimum), Level AA. A focus ring painted behind a sticky bar is worth as much as no ring at all.
Reserve room for sticky chrome with scroll-padding so focus never lands underneath it
.scroller { scroll-padding-block: 4rem 3rem; } /* sticky header 4rem, footer 3rem */Bad
Good
Why it matters
Every other focus rule in this corpus is about the ring existing: draw one, prefer :focus-visible, do not remove the outline. None of them says the focused element must actually be on screen — and a ring you cannot see is worth exactly as much as no ring at all. This is the failure: sticky headers, sticky footers, cookie bars and floating toolbars are painted over the scrollport, while the browser scrolls a newly focused element flush to the scrollport edge, which is precisely where that chrome sits.
The component is fully obscured, the SC is failed at Level AA, and nothing in the code looks wrong. The fix is to tell the scroller how much of its own edge is spoken for: scroll-padding-block on the scroll container (or scroll-margin-block on the items) reserves the header and footer height, and every scroll the browser performs — including the implicit one from sequential focus navigation — stops short of it.
Note the AA bar is "not entirely hidden": SC 2.4.12 (AAA) raises it to "no part of the focus indicator is hidden", so partial occlusion still passes AA but is worth fixing anyway.